Justified by mathematical models like factorial design studies. The formulated microspheres were alsoĮvaluated for their drug loading properties, swelling index and in vitro drug release which was Polycaprolactone and an emulsifier like Polyvinyl Alcohol was taken while the amount ofĪtenolol was taken standard throughout the study. Present research work, a Control release Atenolol microparticles synthesized by solventĮvaporation method in which the different concentration ranges of biodegradable polymer like used, the drug, the quantity ofĮmulsifier as well as cross linker like Polyvinyl Alcohol and the duration of the therapy. Mainly depends on the nature and quantity of the polymer. Hydrogels base microparticles can be prepared by using solvent evaporation technique which The present research work shows a relatively simple method to design andĭevelop control release hydrogels base Atenolol microspheres drug delivery system. Therefore, 30 and 25 g/L of NaHCO 3 concentrations are recommended for use in male and female broodstock, respectively.Ītenolol is a cardio selective β-blocker, widely used in the management of Overall, the induction and recovery times of the three spotted tilapia broodstock exposed to different concentrations of NaHCO 3 could be affected by sex. The recovery time for male fish was significantly longer than that of the female fish at concentrations of 10 g/L for stages 2 and 3, 15 g/L for stage 1 and 20-30 g/L for stages 1 and 2. The induction times were significantly longer in the male fish than in the female at concentrations of 15 g/L for stages 1, 20 g/L for stages 1 and 2, 25 g/L for all the stages and 30 g/L for stage 2. The induction and recovery times at all stages of anaesthesia for both sexes were significantly higher at concentrations ≥10 g/L. The induction and recovery times were monitored using a stopwatch. andersonii (weight: 160 ± 10 g) of different sexes were immersed in NaHCO 3 at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30.0 g/L in triplicates. A comparative analysis of the anaesthetic effect of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3) on male and female three spotted tilapia (Oreochromis andersonii) was investigated.
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